Fabric:
A product made by interlacing two systems of yarns (warp and weft) that are perpendicular to each other on a loom according to a certain pattern. Fabric Structure:
The geometric shape of warp and weft yarns in the fabric.
Interlacing Point:
The point where warp and weft yarns cross.
Warp Interlacing Point:
An interlacing point where the warp yarn floats over the weft yarn.
Weft Interlacing Point:
An interlacing point where the weft yarn floats over the warp yarn.
Interlacing Cycle (Complete Structure):
When the floating and sinking pattern of warp and weft interlacing points reaches a cycle, it is called an interlacing cycle.
Uniform Structure:
Within an interlacing cycle, when the number of warp interlacing points equals the number of weft interlacing points, it is called a uniform structure. Warp-faced Structure:
Within an interlacing cycle, when the number of warp interlacing points is greater than the number of weft interlacing points, it is called a warp-faced structure.
Weft-faced Structure:
Within an interlacing cycle, when the number of weft interlacing points is greater than the number of warp interlacing points, it is called a weft-faced structure.
Step Count:
The number of interlacing points between adjacent yarns in the same system along the longitudinal (or transverse) direction. The step count is represented by S (step).
Draw-up Chart:
A diagram representing the conditions for loom weaving, including structure chart, heddle drafting chart, reed drawing chart, and lift plan.
Structure Chart:
A diagram used to represent the interlacing pattern of warp and weft yarns in the fabric.
Reed Drawing Chart:
A chart indicating the number of warp yarns entering each dent, represented by two horizontal rows, located between the structure chart and the heddle drafting chart.
Heddle Drafting Chart:
A chart showing the sequence in which each warp yarn passes through each page of the heddles in the structure chart.
Lift Plan (Shedding Plan):
A chart controlling the movement of the healds.
Single-start Plain Weave:
A plain weave starting with a warp interlacing point.
Double-start Plain Weave:
A plain weave starting with a weft interlacing point.
Weave Angle:
The angle between the diagonal direction of the weave and the weft direction.
Float Length:
The number of yarns from one system that continuously float over the yarns of the other system.
Average Float Length:
The ratio of the number of yarns in an interlacing cycle to the number of times a single yarn interlaces within the cycle.
Fabric Coverage Factor (Ej, Ew, E):
The coverage factor of a fabric refers to the percentage of the area occupied by the yarn's projection area in the fabric area, essentially the coverage rate or coefficient.
Irregular Satin:
In an interlacing cycle, when the step count varies, this type of satin is called irregular satin.
Regular Satin:
In an interlacing cycle, when the step count is constant, this type of satin is called regular satin.
Color Warp Order:
The order of arrangement of various colored warp yarns (left to right).
Color Warp Cycle:
The number of warp yarns required for the color warp order to repeat once.
Color Weft Order:
The order of arrangement of various colored weft yarns (bottom to top).
Color Weft Cycle:
The number of weft yarns required for the color weft order to repeat once.
Color Matching Pattern:
The appearance of the fabric formed by the combination of fabric structure and color yarn cycle.
Double Structure:
Formed by the interweaving of two systems of warp yarns and one system of weft yarns or two systems of weft yarns with one system of warp yarns. Face Structure:
The front side of the fabric formed by the interweaving of the outer warp and weft yarns.
Back Structure:
The reverse side of the fabric formed by the interweaving of the inner warp and weft yarns.
Inside Structure:
The inside of the back structure, i.e., inside the fabric.
Weft Double Structure:
Formed by the interweaving of two systems of weft yarns (surface and inside) with one system of warp yarns.
Plain Weave Variation:
Extending interlacing points along the warp (weft) direction or simultaneously extending interlacing points in both warp and weft directions.
Warp-faced Plain Weave:
Based on plain weave, extending interlacing points along the warp direction.
Varied Warp-faced Plain Weave:
When the float lengths in the warp-faced plain weave structure are not uniform, it is called varied warp-faced plain weave.
Weft-faced Plain Weave:
Based on plain weave, extending interlacing points along the weft direction.
Varied Weft-faced Plain Weave:
When the float lengths in the weft-faced plain weave structure are not uniform, it is called varied weft-faced plain weave.
Checked Structure:
Based on plain weave, extending interlacing points in both warp and weft directions to form small squares.
Twill Variation:
Based on the original twill structure, changes can be made by extending the length of interlacing points, changing the value or direction of step counts (i.e., changing the direction of the twill line), or using several methods simultaneously to obtain various twill variations.
Enhanced Twill:
Based on the original twill structure, extending interlacing points next to individual interlacing points (in the warp or weft direction).
Compound Twill:
Composed of two or more twill lines formed by warp (or weft) floats of different thicknesses.
Variable Angle Twill:
A structure where the angle between the twill line and the weft yarn can change.
Mountain-shaped Twill:
Based on twill structure, changing the direction of the twill line or alternating the sign of step counts causes half of the twill lines to slope right and half left.
Broken Twill:
Composed of left and right twills, but there is a distinct demarcation line between them. On both sides of this line, the warp and weft interlacing points are opposite and discontinuous.
Diamond Twill:
A twill pattern in the structure chart composed of twill lines of the same or different thicknesses forming diamond shapes.
Curved Twill:
Based on variable angle twill, where the step count in the warp (or weft) direction is a variable.
Zigzag Twill:
Derived from mountain-shaped twill, with peaks at the top of each mountain arranged along a diagonal line, connecting the mountains to form a zigzag shape.
Reed Mat Twill:
Changing the direction of the twill lines, composed of parts that slope right and left, resembling a woven reed mat, hence the name reed mat twill.
Satin Variation:
Based on the original satin structure, most often constructed by adding warp (or weft) interlacing points, changing step counts, or extending interlacing points.
Stripe Structure:
Two or more structures are arranged side byby-side.
Vertical Stripe Structure:
When two or more structures are arranged side-by-side horizontally, each different structure forms vertical stripes.
Check Structure (Small Check Structure, Square Structure):
Using warp-faced and weft-faced structures to form a grid pattern in the warp and weft directions, with identical structures placed in opposite corners of the diagonal.
Color Matching Pattern:
Using two or more simple structures combined with colored yarns to create a color matching pattern on the surface of the fabric composed of different colors.